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The concentration of Fe(ii) in the solution was quantified by measuring the absorbance of the solution. The concentration of Fe(ii) was measured in four leachates, which were obtained by leaching chalcopyrite with four different FeCl 3 concentrations at a solid-to-liquid ratio of 50 g L −1. The UV-Vis absorption spectra are shown in Fig. S1.
It was found that the OVCs strongly accumulate Na atoms, which presumably reduces the Na concentration at the ACIGS/MoSe 2 interface, where it is supposedly needed to form an ohmic contact. [31, 32 ... It is unclear though if a phase-pure 1:1:2 chalcopyrite film can be formed in a common three-stage process or if minor OVCs and …
The addition of NaCl in the ammonium persulfate-APS (as an oxidant) leaching was investigated. APS has some advantages compared with conventional oxidants and its standard redox potential (E°) is 2.0 V. Effect of six parameters such as NaCl concentration, APS concentration, temperature, time, liquid–solid ration (L/S), and …
An artificial mixed minerals flotation test indicated that under the condition of pH=6.79 and IPXPO initial concentration 5×10 −5 mol/L, the flotation recovery of chalcopyrite reached about 90%, while for pyrite only 25%, suggesting that IPXPO is an excellent collector for flotation separation and enrichment of chalcopyrite.
Figure 3 showed the effect of PAAS dosage on the flotation behavior of chalcopyrite, serpentine and talc. The experiment was carried out at pH 7. It can be seen from Fig. 3 that the dispersant ...
Abstract. Beneficiation of chalcopyrite and most minerals in general requires specific conditions and raw materials based on characteristics of the mineral to optimize processing hence income. Therefore characterization of minerals is an important aspect in mineral processing. In this investigation X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning ...
The mechanism of electrochemical interaction between chalcopyrite and hexagonal pyrrhotite was analyzed via electrochemical interaction, copper ion concentration testing, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. Besides, the effect of electrochemical interaction between the two minerals on the …
b Box plot of Cu/In and (Cu+In)/Se atomic concentration ratios acquired by EDS at 7 kV (top) and 20 kV (bottom) acceleration voltages, entailing beam-film …
Chalcopyrite and pyrite were obtained from Mt Lyll, Australia and North Dakota, USA, respectively. The concentrates had less than 4% impurities, as confirmed by Powder X ray diffraction (XRD) and chemical analysis. 10 Powder samples for the leaching experiment were grounded to −200 meshes before use. Pyrite and chalcopyrite …
With the decrease in high-grade chalcopyrite resources, the copper extraction from low-grade chalcopyrite has attracted more and more attention. However, the kinetic rates of chalcopyrite leaching with traditional oxidants are usually very slow due to the formation of the passivation layer. In this study, a novel reagent of chlorinated …
The bacterial concentration decreased rapidly and reached 8.2 × 10 7 cells/mL at the end of the bioleaching process, ... and a sulfur film is formed on the chalcopyrite surface, thereby inhibiting the leaching of chalcopyrite. The copper leaching rate decreases and pH increases in the EPS layer. The remaining Fe 3+ hydrolyzes and …
A few years later, Kazmerski et al. [2] were able to demonstrate the first thin-film solar cell... Properties of Chalcopyrite-Based Materials and Film Deposition for Thin-Film Solar …
The hydrophobic film on the chalcopyrite surface was extracted using hexane and examined by UV spectroscopy. Collector and collectorless microflotation of natural chalcopyrite under controlled potential at pH 10 was performed in order to determine the floatable potential range of chalcopyrite. ... At low xanthate …
Of the sulfide minerals of copper, chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) merits special attention because of its relative abundance and because it is generally the most difficult of the copper sulfides to leach. ... C0 is the concentration of oxidant in the bulk solution, and C0s is the concentration of oxidant at the mineral film interface. At the surface ...
thin-film solar cells based on chalcopyrite, perovskite, and organic materials can be used to produce portable, flexible, wear- ... concentration via p-doping,[26,27] heavy AMs form a segregated AM-In-Se secondary phase at the grain boundaries and CdS/ CIGS interface, which passivates defects at the grain bounda- ...
The study aims to investigate the origin of the crystalline and compositional bi-layered structure of CuIn 1-x Ga x S 2 (CIGS) films we previously observed for samples deposited following the 3-stage process. Therefore, the growth of films of different gallium contents (i.e. x) was interrupted at key steps of the 3-stage, namely at the end of the first …
Hiroyoshi et al. (1997) monitored the oxygen consumption, sulfur formation, total iron, and Fe (II) concentrations at different pH levels during the oxidation of chalcopyrite. On the …
Results showed that after 197 days bioleaching of low-grade chalcopyrite, 423.9 mg copper was extracted from 200 g low-grade chalcopyrite and the average coulomb production reached 1.75 C/d. ... (2 mL) were regularly (6 days) withdrawn for measurement of pH, ORP, cell density, and concentrations of copper and iron. The …
Natural chalcopyrite with a grain size of −100+60μm was leached in an aqueous solution of ferric chloride with the concentration in the range 0–1M FeCl3 acidified by the addition of HCl with different concentrations in the range 0–1M. From: Hydrometallurgy, 2008. ... A Review on Sputtered Chalcopyrite and Kesterite Thin Film Solar Cell
It can be noticed that the carrier concentrations of the films are two orders of magnitude larger than the reported values for bulk CuFeS 2 chalcopyrite materials while their carrier mobilities are two orders of magnitude lower than the bulk counterpart [26], falling into the range of 10 −2 cm 2 V −1 s −1. As shown in Table S2, the ...
The concentration of ferric iron continuously increased to 1.66 g/L before the 70th day. It has been reported that ferric ions are the main oxidants during bioleaching of chalcopyrite, and the high concentration of ferric iron would be benefit the copper extraction. The concentration of ferrous iron always kept at a low value.
The results of chalcopyrite oxidation in the presence of hydrogen peroxide show that by increasing the concentration of peroxide, the rate of reaction in sulfuric acid solution is increased [23 ...
The Cu-chalcopyrite compound CuInSe 2 and its alloys Cu (In,Ga) (Se,S) 2 provide the absorber material for the to date most efficient thin-film solar cells. The high optical absorption coefficient of the chalcopyrite compounds allow absorber layers with a thickness <1 μm well suited for thin flm solar cells. A high-power conversion efficiency ...
This concentration is far beyond the net doping concentration in films of about 10 17 cm −3 in the photovoltaic active part of a solar cell. ... Schock HW, Rau U (2001) The role of structural properties and defects for the performance of Cu-chalcopyrite-based thin-film solar cells. Physica B 308:1081–1085
Duncan, Trussell, and Walden reported the effect of nonionic surfactants on the Thiobacillus ferrooxidan leaching of chalcopyrite. The tests were conducted in 250-mL Erlenmeyer flasks containing minus 325 mesh chalcopyrite and a modified 9K medium at pH 2.5 and 35° C. The hypothesis tested in adding the surfactants was that the presence …
Chalcopyrite AgInS 2:Sn thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis technique for a constant ratio of [Ag]/[In]=1.5 and different SnCl 4 concentrations (0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 ml) in the spray solution obtaining x=[SnCl 4]/[Ag]+[In]=0.01, 0.02, 0.04.All films were deposited at substrate temperature of 375 °C.The deposited film for which x=0.02 …
Furthermore, the atomic concentration ratios of Fe and S to Cu changed from 1.07 to 0.91 and from 1.91 to 2.40 after the adsorption of PAM-ATU, respectively, suggesting a loss of Fe and a growth of S on chalcopyrite surface, which may be a result of removing of iron oxidation products [46] and adsorbing of PAM-ATU on chalcopyrite surface. In ...
The Cu-chalcopyrite compound CuInSe 2 and its alloys Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S) 2 provide the absorber material for the to date most efficient thin-film solar cells. The high optical absorption coefficient of the chalcopyrite compounds allow absorber layers with a thickness <1 μm well suited for thin … See more
Chalcopyrite is known for its stabilizing and grounding energies. Learn more about its meanings, uses, and more in this post! ... energy technologies like solar cells, as it is a key component of the copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) thin-film solar cell, which converts sunlight into electricity. ... as its high concentration of copper and ...
Minimum inhibitory concentration assays (MIC) were performed in 6 well plates with 5 mL of 9 K medium at pH 1.6 for mixototrophic growth on ferrous, inoculated with 1,00E + 07 cells/mL for each strain separately. Assays were incubated with agitation at 50°C for 5 d with a top film to prevent evaporation.
